Johns Hopkins University, established in 1876 in Baltimore, Maryland, was the first American university to adopt the European research institution model. Named after its benefactor, entrepreneur, and philanthropist Johns Hopkins, whose $7 million bequest was the largest philanthropic gift in U.S. history at the time, the university revolutionized higher education by integrating teaching and research under its first president, Daniel Coit Gilman. It became a founding member of the American Association of Universities in 1900 and has consistently led U.S. universities in research and development expenditures for over four decades. While its primary campus is in Baltimore, Johns Hopkins operates divisions across Maryland and has graduate campuses internationally. The university boasts affiliations with numerous Nobel laureates and has a renowned men’s lacrosse team, the Blue Jays, which has won 44 national titles and competes in the Big Ten Conference.